OpenWrt – Rev 1
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From 1451eae50acf35f852b7218722a0f28d78eaeb98 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Phil Elwell <phil@raspberrypi.org>
Date: Mon, 11 May 2015 09:00:42 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 053/454] scripts: Add mkknlimg and knlinfo scripts from tools
repo
The Raspberry Pi firmware looks for a trailer on the kernel image to
determine whether it was compiled with Device Tree support enabled.
If the firmware finds a kernel without this trailer, or which has a
trailer indicating that it isn't DT-capable, it disables DT support
and reverts to using ATAGs.
The mkknlimg utility adds that trailer, having first analysed the
image to look for signs of DT support and the kernel version string.
knlinfo displays the contents of the trailer in the given kernel image.
scripts/mkknlimg: Add support for ARCH_BCM2835
Add a new trailer field indicating whether this is an ARCH_BCM2835
build, as opposed to MACH_BCM2708/9. If the loader finds this flag
is set it changes the default base dtb file name from bcm270x...
to bcm283y...
Also update knlinfo to show the status of the field.
scripts/mkknlimg: Improve ARCH_BCM2835 detection
The board support code contains sufficient strings to be able to
distinguish 2708 vs. 2835 builds, so remove the check for
bcm2835-pm-wdt which could exist in either.
Also, since the canned configuration is no longer built in (it's
a module), remove the config string checking.
See: https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/issues/1157
scripts: Multi-platform support for mkknlimg and knlinfo
The firmware uses tags in the kernel trailer to choose which dtb file
to load. Current firmware loads bcm2835-*.dtb if the '283x' tag is true,
otherwise it loads bcm270*.dtb. This scheme breaks if an image supports
multiple platforms.
This patch adds '270X' and '283X' tags to indicate support for RPi and
upstream platforms, respectively. '283x' (note lower case 'x') is left
for old firmware, and is only set if the image only supports upstream
builds.
scripts/mkknlimg: Append a trailer for all input
Now that the firmware assumes an unsigned kernel is DT-capable, it is
helpful to be able to mark a kernel as being non-DT-capable.
Signed-off-by: Phil Elwell <phil@raspberrypi.org>
scripts/knlinfo: Decode DDTK atom
Show the DDTK atom as being a boolean.
Signed-off-by: Phil Elwell <phil@raspberrypi.org>
mkknlimg: Retain downstream-kernel detection
With the death of ARCH_BCM2708 and ARCH_BCM2709, a new way is needed to
determine if this is a "downstream" build that wants the firmware to
load a bcm27xx .dtb. The vc_cma driver is used downstream but not
upstream, making vc_cma_init a suitable predicate symbol.
mkknlimg: Find some more downstream-only strings
See: https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/issues/1920
Signed-off-by: Phil Elwell <phil@raspberrypi.org>
---
scripts/knlinfo | 171 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
scripts/mkknlimg | 265 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2 files changed, 436 insertions(+)
create mode 100755 scripts/knlinfo
create mode 100755 scripts/mkknlimg
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/knlinfo
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# knlinfo by Phil Elwell for Raspberry Pi
+#
+# (c) 2014,2015 Raspberry Pi (Trading) Limited <info@raspberrypi.org>
+#
+# Licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+use strict;
+use integer;
+
+use Fcntl ":seek";
+
+my $trailer_magic = 'RPTL';
+
+my %atom_formats =
+(
+ 'DDTK' => \&format_bool,
+ 'DTOK' => \&format_bool,
+ 'KVer' => \&format_string,
+ '270X' => \&format_bool,
+ '283X' => \&format_bool,
+ '283x' => \&format_bool,
+);
+
+if (@ARGV != 1)
+{
+ print ("Usage: knlinfo <kernel image>\n");
+ exit(1);
+}
+
+my $kernel_file = $ARGV[0];
+
+
+my ($atoms, $pos) = read_trailer($kernel_file);
+
+exit(1) if (!$atoms);
+
+printf("Kernel trailer found at %d/0x%x:\n", $pos, $pos);
+
+foreach my $atom (@$atoms)
+{
+ printf(" %s: %s\n", $atom->[0], format_atom($atom));
+}
+
+exit(0);
+
+sub read_trailer
+{
+ my ($kernel_file) = @_;
+ my $fh;
+
+ if (!open($fh, '<', $kernel_file))
+ {
+ print ("* Failed to open '$kernel_file'\n");
+ return undef;
+ }
+
+ if (!seek($fh, -12, SEEK_END))
+ {
+ print ("* seek error in '$kernel_file'\n");
+ return undef;
+ }
+
+ my $last_bytes;
+ sysread($fh, $last_bytes, 12);
+
+ my ($trailer_len, $data_len, $magic) = unpack('VVa4', $last_bytes);
+
+ if (($magic ne $trailer_magic) || ($data_len != 4))
+ {
+ print ("* no trailer\n");
+ return undef;
+ }
+ if (!seek($fh, -12, SEEK_END))
+ {
+ print ("* seek error in '$kernel_file'\n");
+ return undef;
+ }
+
+ $trailer_len -= 12;
+
+ while ($trailer_len > 0)
+ {
+ if ($trailer_len < 8)
+ {
+ print ("* truncated atom header in trailer\n");
+ return undef;
+ }
+ if (!seek($fh, -8, SEEK_CUR))
+ {
+ print ("* seek error in '$kernel_file'\n");
+ return undef;
+ }
+ $trailer_len -= 8;
+
+ my $atom_hdr;
+ sysread($fh, $atom_hdr, 8);
+ my ($atom_len, $atom_type) = unpack('Va4', $atom_hdr);
+
+ if ($trailer_len < $atom_len)
+ {
+ print ("* truncated atom data in trailer\n");
+ return undef;
+ }
+
+ my $rounded_len = (($atom_len + 3) & ~3);
+ if (!seek($fh, -(8 + $rounded_len), SEEK_CUR))
+ {
+ print ("* seek error in '$kernel_file'\n");
+ return undef;
+ }
+ $trailer_len -= $rounded_len;
+
+ my $atom_data;
+ sysread($fh, $atom_data, $atom_len);
+
+ if (!seek($fh, -$atom_len, SEEK_CUR))
+ {
+ print ("* seek error in '$kernel_file'\n");
+ return undef;
+ }
+
+ push @$atoms, [ $atom_type, $atom_data ];
+ }
+
+ if (($$atoms[-1][0] eq "\x00\x00\x00\x00") &&
+ ($$atoms[-1][1] eq ""))
+ {
+ pop @$atoms;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ print ("* end marker missing from trailer\n");
+ }
+
+ return ($atoms, tell($fh));
+}
+
+sub format_atom
+{
+ my ($atom) = @_;
+
+ my $format_func = $atom_formats{$atom->[0]} || \&format_hex;
+ return $format_func->($atom->[1]);
+}
+
+sub format_bool
+{
+ my ($data) = @_;
+ return unpack('V', $data) ? 'y' : 'n';
+}
+
+sub format_int
+{
+ my ($data) = @_;
+ return unpack('V', $data);
+}
+
+sub format_string
+{
+ my ($data) = @_;
+ return '"'.$data.'"';
+}
+
+sub format_hex
+{
+ my ($data) = @_;
+ return unpack('H*', $data);
+}
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/mkknlimg
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# mkknlimg by Phil Elwell for Raspberry Pi
+# based on extract-ikconfig by Dick Streefland
+#
+# (c) 2009,2010 Dick Streefland <dick@streefland.net>
+# (c) 2014,2015 Raspberry Pi (Trading) Limited <info@raspberrypi.org>
+#
+# Licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use integer;
+
+use constant FLAG_PI => 0x01;
+use constant FLAG_DTOK => 0x02;
+use constant FLAG_DDTK => 0x04;
+use constant FLAG_270X => 0x08;
+use constant FLAG_283X => 0x10;
+
+my $trailer_magic = 'RPTL';
+
+my $tmpfile1 = "/tmp/mkknlimg_$$.1";
+my $tmpfile2 = "/tmp/mkknlimg_$$.2";
+
+my $dtok = 0;
+my $ddtk = 0;
+my $is_270x = 0;
+my $is_283x = 0;
+
+while (@ARGV && ($ARGV[0] =~ /^-/))
+{
+ my $arg = shift(@ARGV);
+ if ($arg eq '--dtok')
+ {
+ $dtok = 1;
+ }
+ elsif ($arg eq '--ddtk')
+ {
+ $ddtk = 1;
+ }
+ elsif ($arg eq '--270x')
+ {
+ $is_270x = 1;
+ }
+ elsif ($arg eq '--283x')
+ {
+ $is_283x = 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ print ("* Unknown option '$arg'\n");
+ usage();
+ }
+}
+
+usage() if (@ARGV != 2);
+
+my $kernel_file = $ARGV[0];
+my $out_file = $ARGV[1];
+
+if (! -r $kernel_file)
+{
+ print ("* File '$kernel_file' not found\n");
+ usage();
+}
+
+my $wanted_strings =
+{
+ 'bcm2708_fb' => FLAG_PI | FLAG_270X,
+ 'brcm,bcm2835-mmc' => FLAG_PI,
+ 'brcm,bcm2835-sdhost' => FLAG_PI,
+ 'brcm,bcm2708-pinctrl' => FLAG_PI | FLAG_DTOK,
+ 'brcm,bcm2835-gpio' => FLAG_PI | FLAG_DTOK,
+ 'brcm,bcm2708' => FLAG_PI | FLAG_DTOK | FLAG_270X,
+ 'brcm,bcm2709' => FLAG_PI | FLAG_DTOK | FLAG_270X,
+ 'brcm,bcm2835' => FLAG_PI | FLAG_DTOK | FLAG_283X,
+ 'brcm,bcm2836' => FLAG_PI | FLAG_DTOK | FLAG_283X,
+ 'of_cfs_init' => FLAG_DTOK | FLAG_DDTK,
+ 'vc_cma_init' => FLAG_PI | FLAG_270X,
+ 'vc-mem' => FLAG_PI | FLAG_270X,
+};
+
+my $res = try_extract($kernel_file, $tmpfile1);
+$res ||= try_decompress('\037\213\010', 'xy', 'gunzip', 0,
+ $kernel_file, $tmpfile1, $tmpfile2);
+$res ||= try_decompress('\3757zXZ\000', 'abcde', 'unxz --single-stream', -1,
+ $kernel_file, $tmpfile1, $tmpfile2);
+$res ||= try_decompress('BZh', 'xy', 'bunzip2', 0,
+ $kernel_file, $tmpfile1, $tmpfile2);
+$res ||= try_decompress('\135\0\0\0', 'xxx', 'unlzma', 0,
+ $kernel_file, $tmpfile1, $tmpfile2);
+$res ||= try_decompress('\211\114\132', 'xy', 'lzop -d', 0,
+ $kernel_file, $tmpfile1, $tmpfile2);
+$res ||= try_decompress('\002\041\114\030', 'xy', 'lz4 -d', 1,
+ $kernel_file, $tmpfile1, $tmpfile2);
+
+my $append_trailer;
+my $trailer;
+my $kver = '?';
+
+$append_trailer = 1;
+
+if ($res)
+{
+ $kver = $res->{'kver'} || '?';
+ my $flags = $res->{'flags'};
+ print("Version: $kver\n");
+
+ if ($flags & FLAG_PI)
+ {
+ $dtok ||= ($flags & FLAG_DTOK) != 0;
+ $is_270x ||= ($flags & FLAG_270X) != 0;
+ $is_283x ||= ($flags & FLAG_283X) != 0;
+ $ddtk ||= ($flags & FLAG_DDTK) != 0;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ print ("* This doesn't look like a Raspberry Pi kernel.\n");
+ }
+}
+elsif (!$dtok)
+{
+ print ("* Is this a valid kernel?\n");
+}
+
+if ($append_trailer)
+{
+ printf("DT: %s\n", $dtok ? "y" : "n");
+ printf("DDT: %s\n", $ddtk ? "y" : "n");
+ printf("270x: %s\n", $is_270x ? "y" : "n");
+ printf("283x: %s\n", $is_283x ? "y" : "n");
+
+ my @atoms;
+
+ push @atoms, [ $trailer_magic, pack('V', 0) ];
+ push @atoms, [ 'KVer', $kver ];
+ push @atoms, [ 'DTOK', pack('V', $dtok) ];
+ push @atoms, [ 'DDTK', pack('V', $ddtk) ];
+ push @atoms, [ '270X', pack('V', $is_270x) ];
+ push @atoms, [ '283X', pack('V', $is_283x) ];
+ push @atoms, [ '283x', pack('V', $is_283x && !$is_270x) ];
+
+ $trailer = pack_trailer(\@atoms);
+ $atoms[0]->[1] = pack('V', length($trailer));
+
+ $trailer = pack_trailer(\@atoms);
+}
+
+my $ofh;
+my $total_len = 0;
+
+if ($out_file eq $kernel_file)
+{
+ die "* Failed to open '$out_file' for append\n"
+ if (!open($ofh, '>>', $out_file));
+ $total_len = tell($ofh);
+}
+else
+{
+ die "* Failed to open '$kernel_file'\n"
+ if (!open(my $ifh, '<', $kernel_file));
+ die "* Failed to create '$out_file'\n"
+ if (!open($ofh, '>', $out_file));
+
+ my $copybuf;
+ while (1)
+ {
+ my $bytes = sysread($ifh, $copybuf, 64*1024);
+ last if (!$bytes);
+ syswrite($ofh, $copybuf, $bytes);
+ $total_len += $bytes;
+ }
+ close($ifh);
+}
+
+if ($trailer)
+{
+ # Pad to word-alignment
+ syswrite($ofh, "\x000\x000\x000", (-$total_len & 0x3));
+ syswrite($ofh, $trailer);
+}
+
+close($ofh);
+
+exit($trailer ? 0 : 1);
+
+END {
+ unlink($tmpfile1) if ($tmpfile1);
+ unlink($tmpfile2) if ($tmpfile2);
+}
+
+
+sub usage
+{
+ print ("Usage: mkknlimg [--dtok] [--270x] [--283x] <vmlinux|zImage|bzImage> <outfile>\n");
+ exit(1);
+}
+
+sub try_extract
+{
+ my ($knl, $tmp) = @_;
+
+ my $ver = `strings "$knl" | grep -a -E "^Linux version [1-9]"`;
+
+ return undef if (!$ver);
+
+ chomp($ver);
+
+ my $res = { 'kver'=>$ver };
+ $res->{'flags'} = strings_to_flags($knl, $wanted_strings);
+
+ return $res;
+}
+
+
+sub try_decompress
+{
+ my ($magic, $subst, $zcat, $idx, $knl, $tmp1, $tmp2) = @_;
+
+ my $pos = `tr "$magic\n$subst" "\n$subst=" < "$knl" | grep -abo "^$subst"`;
+ if ($pos)
+ {
+ chomp($pos);
+ $pos = (split(/[\r\n]+/, $pos))[$idx];
+ return undef if (!defined($pos));
+ $pos =~ s/:.*[\r\n]*$//s;
+ my $cmd = "tail -c+$pos \"$knl\" | $zcat > $tmp2 2> /dev/null";
+ my $err = (system($cmd) >> 8);
+ return undef if (($err != 0) && ($err != 2));
+
+ return try_extract($tmp2, $tmp1);
+ }
+
+ return undef;
+}
+
+sub strings_to_flags
+{
+ my ($knl, $strings) = @_;
+ my $string_pattern = '^('.join('|', keys(%$strings)).')$';
+ my $flags = 0;
+
+ my @matches = `strings \"$knl\" | grep -E \"$string_pattern\"`;
+ foreach my $match (@matches)
+ {
+ chomp($match);
+ $flags |= $strings->{$match};
+ }
+
+ return $flags;
+}
+
+sub pack_trailer
+{
+ my ($atoms) = @_;
+ my $trailer = pack('VV', 0, 0);
+ for (my $i = $#$atoms; $i>=0; $i--)
+ {
+ my $atom = $atoms->[$i];
+ $trailer .= pack('a*x!4Va4', $atom->[1], length($atom->[1]), $atom->[0]);
+ }
+ return $trailer;
+}
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