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/* $OpenBSD: netcat.c,v 1.103 2011/10/04 08:34:34 fgsch Exp $ */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 2001 Eric Jackson <ericj@monkey.org>
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
 *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*
 * Re-written nc(1) for OpenBSD. Original implementation by
 * *Hobbit* <hobbit@avian.org>.
 */

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/un.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/in_systm.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <arpa/telnet.h>

#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include "atomicio.h"

#ifndef SUN_LEN
#define SUN_LEN(su) \
        (sizeof(*(su)) - sizeof((su)->sun_path) + strlen((su)->sun_path))
#endif

#define PORT_MAX        65535
#define PORT_MAX_LEN    6
#define UNIX_DG_TMP_SOCKET_SIZE 19

/* Command Line Options */
int     dflag;                                  /* detached, no stdin */
unsigned int iflag;                             /* Interval Flag */
#ifdef ANDROID
int     jflag = 0;
#else
int     jflag;                                  /* use jumbo frames if we can */
#endif /* !ANDROID */
int     kflag;                                  /* More than one connect */
int     lflag;                                  /* Bind to local port */
int     nflag;                                  /* Don't do name look up */
char   *Pflag;                                  /* Proxy username */
char   *pflag;                                  /* Localport flag */
int     rflag;                                  /* Random ports flag */
char   *sflag;                                  /* Source Address */
int     tflag;                                  /* Telnet Emulation */
int     uflag;                                  /* UDP - Default to TCP */
int     vflag;                                  /* Verbosity */
#ifndef ANDROID
int     xflag;                                  /* Socks proxy */
#endif /* !ANDROID */
int     zflag;                                  /* Port Scan Flag */
int     Dflag;                                  /* sodebug */
int     Iflag;                                  /* TCP receive buffer size */
int     Oflag;                                  /* TCP send buffer size */
#ifndef ANDROID
int     Sflag;                                  /* TCP MD5 signature option */
int     Tflag = -1;                             /* IP Type of Service */
u_int   rtableid;
#endif /* !ANDROID */

int timeout = -1;
int family = AF_UNSPEC;
char *portlist[PORT_MAX+1];
char *unix_dg_tmp_socket;

void    atelnet(int, unsigned char *, unsigned int);
void    build_ports(char *);
void    help(void);
int     local_listen(char *, char *, struct addrinfo);
void    readwrite(int);
int     remote_connect(const char *, const char *, struct addrinfo);
int     timeout_connect(int, const struct sockaddr *, socklen_t);
#ifndef ANDROID
int     socks_connect(const char *, const char *, struct addrinfo,
            const char *, const char *, struct addrinfo, int, const char *);
#endif /* !ANDROID */
int     udptest(int);
int     unix_bind(char *);
int     unix_connect(char *);
int     unix_listen(char *);
void    set_common_sockopts(int);
int     map_tos(char *, int *);
void    usage(int);

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
        int ch, s, ret, socksv;
        char *host, *uport;
        struct addrinfo hints;
        struct servent *sv;
        socklen_t len;
        struct sockaddr_storage cliaddr;
        char *proxy;
        const char *errstr, *proxyhost = "", *proxyport = NULL;
        struct addrinfo proxyhints;
        char unix_dg_tmp_socket_buf[UNIX_DG_TMP_SOCKET_SIZE];

        ret = 1;
        s = 0;
        socksv = 5;
        host = NULL;
        uport = NULL;
        sv = NULL;

        while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
            "46DdhI:i:jklnO:P:p:rSs:tT:UuV:vw:X:x:z")) != -1) {
                switch (ch) {
                case '4':
                        family = AF_INET;
                        break;
                case '6':
                        family = AF_INET6;
                        break;
                case 'U':
                        family = AF_UNIX;
                        break;
                case 'X':
                        if (strcasecmp(optarg, "connect") == 0)
                                socksv = -1; /* HTTP proxy CONNECT */
                        else if (strcmp(optarg, "4") == 0)
                                socksv = 4; /* SOCKS v.4 */
                        else if (strcmp(optarg, "5") == 0)
                                socksv = 5; /* SOCKS v.5 */
                        else
                                errx(1, "unsupported proxy protocol");
                        break;
                case 'd':
                        dflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 'h':
                        help();
                        break;
                case 'i':
#ifdef ANDROID
                        iflag = atoi(optarg);
#else
                        iflag = strtonum(optarg, 0, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
                        if (errstr)
                                errx(1, "interval %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
#endif /* ANDROID */
                        break;
#ifndef ANDROID
                case 'j':
                        jflag = 1;
                        break;
#endif /* !ANDROID */
                case 'k':
                        kflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 'l':
                        lflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 'n':
                        nflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 'P':
                        Pflag = optarg;
                        break;
                case 'p':
                        pflag = optarg;
                        break;
                case 'r':
                        rflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 's':
                        sflag = optarg;
                        break;
                case 't':
                        tflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 'u':
                        uflag = 1;
                        break;
#ifndef ANDROID
                case 'V':
                        rtableid = (unsigned int)strtonum(optarg, 0,
                            RT_TABLEID_MAX, &errstr);
                        if (errstr)
                                errx(1, "rtable %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
                        break;
#endif /* !ANDROID */
                case 'v':
                        vflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 'w':
#ifdef ANDROID
                        timeout = atoi(optarg);
#else
                        timeout = strtonum(optarg, 0, INT_MAX / 1000, &errstr);
                        if (errstr)
                                errx(1, "timeout %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
#endif
                        timeout *= 1000;
                        break;
#ifndef ANDROID
                case 'x':
                        xflag = 1;
                        if ((proxy = strdup(optarg)) == NULL)
                                err(1, NULL);
                        break;
#endif /* !ANDROID */
                case 'z':
                        zflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 'D':
                        Dflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 'I':
#ifdef ANDROID
                        Iflag = atoi(optarg);
#else
                        Iflag = strtonum(optarg, 1, 65536 << 14, &errstr);
                        if (errstr != NULL)
                                errx(1, "TCP receive window %s: %s",
                                    errstr, optarg);
#endif
                        break;
                case 'O':
#ifdef ANDROID
                        Oflag = atoi(optarg);
#else
                        Oflag = strtonum(optarg, 1, 65536 << 14, &errstr);
                        if (errstr != NULL)
                                errx(1, "TCP send window %s: %s",
                                    errstr, optarg);
#endif
                        break;
#ifndef ANDROID
                case 'S':
                        Sflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 'T':
                        errstr = NULL;
                        errno = 0;
                        if (map_tos(optarg, &Tflag))
                                break;
                        if (strlen(optarg) > 1 && optarg[0] == '0' &&
                            optarg[1] == 'x')
                                Tflag = (int)strtol(optarg, NULL, 16);
                        else
                                Tflag = (int)strtonum(optarg, 0, 255,
                                    &errstr);
                        if (Tflag < 0 || Tflag > 255 || errstr || errno)
                                errx(1, "illegal tos value %s", optarg);
                        break;
#endif /* !ANDROID */
                default:
                        usage(1);
                }
        }
        argc -= optind;
        argv += optind;

        /* Cruft to make sure options are clean, and used properly. */
        if (argv[0] && !argv[1] && family == AF_UNIX) {
                host = argv[0];
                uport = NULL;
        } else if (argv[0] && !argv[1]) {
                if  (!lflag)
                        usage(1);
                uport = argv[0];
                host = NULL;
        } else if (argv[0] && argv[1]) {
                host = argv[0];
                uport = argv[1];
        } else
                usage(1);

        if (lflag && sflag)
                errx(1, "cannot use -s and -l");
        if (lflag && pflag)
                errx(1, "cannot use -p and -l");
        if (lflag && zflag)
                errx(1, "cannot use -z and -l");
        if (!lflag && kflag)
                errx(1, "must use -l with -k");

        /* Get name of temporary socket for unix datagram client */
        if ((family == AF_UNIX) && uflag && !lflag) {
                if (sflag) {
                        unix_dg_tmp_socket = sflag;
                } else {
                        strlcpy(unix_dg_tmp_socket_buf, "/tmp/nc.XXXXXXXXXX",
                                UNIX_DG_TMP_SOCKET_SIZE);
                        if (mktemp(unix_dg_tmp_socket_buf) == NULL)
                                err(1, "mktemp");
                        unix_dg_tmp_socket = unix_dg_tmp_socket_buf;
                }
        }

        /* Initialize addrinfo structure. */
        if (family != AF_UNIX) {
                memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
                hints.ai_family = family;
                hints.ai_socktype = uflag ? SOCK_DGRAM : SOCK_STREAM;
                hints.ai_protocol = uflag ? IPPROTO_UDP : IPPROTO_TCP;
                if (nflag)
                        hints.ai_flags |= AI_NUMERICHOST;
        }

#ifndef ANDROID
        if (xflag) {
                if (uflag)
                        errx(1, "no proxy support for UDP mode");

                if (lflag)
                        errx(1, "no proxy support for listen");

                if (family == AF_UNIX)
                        errx(1, "no proxy support for unix sockets");

                /* XXX IPv6 transport to proxy would probably work */
                if (family == AF_INET6)
                        errx(1, "no proxy support for IPv6");

                if (sflag)
                        errx(1, "no proxy support for local source address");

                proxyhost = strsep(&proxy, ":");
                proxyport = proxy;

                memset(&proxyhints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
                proxyhints.ai_family = family;
                proxyhints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
                proxyhints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
                if (nflag)
                        proxyhints.ai_flags |= AI_NUMERICHOST;
        }
#endif /* !ANDROID */

        if (lflag) {
                int connfd;
                ret = 0;

                if (family == AF_UNIX) {
                        if (uflag)
                                s = unix_bind(host);
                        else
                                s = unix_listen(host);
                }

                /* Allow only one connection at a time, but stay alive. */
                for (;;) {
                        if (family != AF_UNIX)
                                s = local_listen(host, uport, hints);
                        if (s < 0)
                                err(1, NULL);
                        /*
                         * For UDP, we will use recvfrom() initially
                         * to wait for a caller, then use the regular
                         * functions to talk to the caller.
                         */
                        if (uflag) {
                                int rv, plen;
                                char buf[16384];
                                struct sockaddr_storage z;

                                len = sizeof(z);
                                plen = jflag ? 16384 : 2048;
                                rv = recvfrom(s, buf, plen, MSG_PEEK,
                                    (struct sockaddr *)&z, &len);
                                if (rv < 0)
                                        err(1, "recvfrom");

                                rv = connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&z, len);
                                if (rv < 0)
                                        err(1, "connect");

                                readwrite(s);
                        } else {
                                len = sizeof(cliaddr);
                                connfd = accept(s, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr,
                                    &len);
                                readwrite(connfd);
                                close(connfd);
                        }

                        if (family != AF_UNIX)
                                close(s);
                        else if (uflag) {
                                if (connect(s, NULL, 0) < 0)
                                        err(1, "connect");
                        }

                        if (!kflag)
                                break;
                }
        } else if (family == AF_UNIX) {
                ret = 0;

                if ((s = unix_connect(host)) > 0 && !zflag) {
                        readwrite(s);
                        close(s);
                } else
                        ret = 1;

                if (uflag)
                        unlink(unix_dg_tmp_socket);
                exit(ret);

        } else {
                int i = 0;

                /* Construct the portlist[] array. */
                build_ports(uport);

                /* Cycle through portlist, connecting to each port. */
                for (i = 0; portlist[i] != NULL; i++) {
                        if (s)
                                close(s);

#ifndef ANDROID
                        if (xflag)
                                s = socks_connect(host, portlist[i], hints,
                                    proxyhost, proxyport, proxyhints, socksv,
                                    Pflag);
                        else
#endif /* !ANDROID */
                                s = remote_connect(host, portlist[i], hints);

                        if (s < 0)
                                continue;

                        ret = 0;
                        if (vflag || zflag) {
                                /* For UDP, make sure we are connected. */
                                if (uflag) {
                                        if (udptest(s) == -1) {
                                                ret = 1;
                                                continue;
                                        }
                                }

                                /* Don't look up port if -n. */
                                if (nflag)
                                        sv = NULL;
                                else {
                                        sv = getservbyport(
                                            ntohs(atoi(portlist[i])),
                                            uflag ? "udp" : "tcp");
                                }

                                fprintf(stderr,
                                    "Connection to %s %s port [%s/%s] "
                                    "succeeded!\n", host, portlist[i],
                                    uflag ? "udp" : "tcp",
                                    sv ? sv->s_name : "*");
                        }
                        if (!zflag)
                                readwrite(s);
                }
        }

        if (s)
                close(s);

        exit(ret);
}

/*
 * unix_bind()
 * Returns a unix socket bound to the given path
 */
int
unix_bind(char *path)
{
        struct sockaddr_un sun;
        int s;

        /* Create unix domain socket. */
        if ((s = socket(AF_UNIX, uflag ? SOCK_DGRAM : SOCK_STREAM,
             0)) < 0)
                return (-1);

        memset(&sun, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un));
        sun.sun_family = AF_UNIX;

        if (strlcpy(sun.sun_path, path, sizeof(sun.sun_path)) >=
            sizeof(sun.sun_path)) {
                close(s);
                errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
                return (-1);
        }

        if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sun, SUN_LEN(&sun)) < 0) {
                close(s);
                return (-1);
        }
        return (s);
}

/*
 * unix_connect()
 * Returns a socket connected to a local unix socket. Returns -1 on failure.
 */
int
unix_connect(char *path)
{
        struct sockaddr_un sun;
        int s;

        if (uflag) {
                if ((s = unix_bind(unix_dg_tmp_socket)) < 0)
                        return (-1);
        } else {
                if ((s = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
                        return (-1);
        }
        (void)fcntl(s, F_SETFD, 1);

        memset(&sun, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un));
        sun.sun_family = AF_UNIX;

        if (strlcpy(sun.sun_path, path, sizeof(sun.sun_path)) >=
            sizeof(sun.sun_path)) {
                close(s);
                errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
                return (-1);
        }
        if (connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sun, SUN_LEN(&sun)) < 0) {
                close(s);
                return (-1);
        }
        return (s);

}

/*
 * unix_listen()
 * Create a unix domain socket, and listen on it.
 */
int
unix_listen(char *path)
{
        int s;
        if ((s = unix_bind(path)) < 0)
                return (-1);

        if (listen(s, 5) < 0) {
                close(s);
                return (-1);
        }
        return (s);
}

/*
 * remote_connect()
 * Returns a socket connected to a remote host. Properly binds to a local
 * port or source address if needed. Returns -1 on failure.
 */
int
remote_connect(const char *host, const char *port, struct addrinfo hints)
{
        struct addrinfo *res, *res0;
        int s, error, on = 1;

        if ((error = getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &res)))
                errx(1, "getaddrinfo: %s", gai_strerror(error));

        res0 = res;
        do {
                if ((s = socket(res0->ai_family, res0->ai_socktype,
                    res0->ai_protocol)) < 0)
                        continue;

#ifndef ANDROID
                if (rtableid) {
                        if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RTABLE, &rtableid,
                            sizeof(rtableid)) == -1)
                                err(1, "setsockopt SO_RTABLE");
                }
#endif /* !ANDROID */

                /* Bind to a local port or source address if specified. */
                if (sflag || pflag) {
                        struct addrinfo ahints, *ares;

#ifndef ANDROID
                        /* try SO_BINDANY, but don't insist */
                        setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDANY, &on, sizeof(on));
#endif /* !ANDROID */
                        memset(&ahints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
                        ahints.ai_family = res0->ai_family;
                        ahints.ai_socktype = uflag ? SOCK_DGRAM : SOCK_STREAM;
                        ahints.ai_protocol = uflag ? IPPROTO_UDP : IPPROTO_TCP;
                        ahints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
                        if ((error = getaddrinfo(sflag, pflag, &ahints, &ares)))
                                errx(1, "getaddrinfo: %s", gai_strerror(error));

                        if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)ares->ai_addr,
                            ares->ai_addrlen) < 0)
                                errx(1, "bind failed: %s", strerror(errno));
                        freeaddrinfo(ares);
                }

                set_common_sockopts(s);

                if (timeout_connect(s, res0->ai_addr, res0->ai_addrlen) == 0)
                        break;
                else if (vflag)
                        warn("connect to %s port %s (%s) failed", host, port,
                            uflag ? "udp" : "tcp");

                close(s);
                s = -1;
        } while ((res0 = res0->ai_next) != NULL);

        freeaddrinfo(res);

        return (s);
}

int
timeout_connect(int s, const struct sockaddr *name, socklen_t namelen)
{
        struct pollfd pfd;
        socklen_t optlen;
        int flags, optval;
        int ret;

        if (timeout != -1) {
                flags = fcntl(s, F_GETFL, 0);
                if (fcntl(s, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK) == -1)
                        err(1, "set non-blocking mode");
        }

        if ((ret = connect(s, name, namelen)) != 0 && errno == EINPROGRESS) {
                pfd.fd = s;
                pfd.events = POLLOUT;
                if ((ret = poll(&pfd, 1, timeout)) == 1) {
                        optlen = sizeof(optval);
                        if ((ret = getsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR,
                            &optval, &optlen)) == 0) {
                                errno = optval;
                                ret = optval == 0 ? 0 : -1;
                        }
                } else if (ret == 0) {
                        errno = ETIMEDOUT;
                        ret = -1;
                } else
                        err(1, "poll failed");
        }

        if (timeout != -1 && fcntl(s, F_SETFL, flags) == -1)
                err(1, "restoring flags");

        return (ret);
}

/*
 * local_listen()
 * Returns a socket listening on a local port, binds to specified source
 * address. Returns -1 on failure.
 */
int
local_listen(char *host, char *port, struct addrinfo hints)
{
        struct addrinfo *res, *res0;
        int s, ret, x = 1;
        int error;

        /* Allow nodename to be null. */
        hints.ai_flags |= AI_PASSIVE;

        /*
         * In the case of binding to a wildcard address
         * default to binding to an ipv4 address.
         */
        if (host == NULL && hints.ai_family == AF_UNSPEC)
                hints.ai_family = AF_INET;

        if ((error = getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &res)))
                errx(1, "getaddrinfo: %s", gai_strerror(error));

        res0 = res;
        do {
                if ((s = socket(res0->ai_family, res0->ai_socktype,
                    res0->ai_protocol)) < 0)
                        continue;

#ifndef ANDROID
                if (rtableid) {
                        if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, SO_RTABLE, &rtableid,
                            sizeof(rtableid)) == -1)
                                err(1, "setsockopt SO_RTABLE");
                }
#endif /* !ANDROID */

#ifdef ANDROID
                ret = setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &x, sizeof(x));
#else
                ret = setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT, &x, sizeof(x));
#endif
                if (ret == -1)
                        err(1, NULL);

                set_common_sockopts(s);

                if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)res0->ai_addr,
                    res0->ai_addrlen) == 0)
                        break;

                close(s);
                s = -1;
        } while ((res0 = res0->ai_next) != NULL);

        if (!uflag && s != -1) {
                if (listen(s, 1) < 0)
                        err(1, "listen");
        }

        freeaddrinfo(res);

        return (s);
}

/*
 * readwrite()
 * Loop that polls on the network file descriptor and stdin.
 */
void
readwrite(int nfd)
{
        struct pollfd pfd[2];
        unsigned char buf[16384];
        int n, wfd = fileno(stdin);
        int lfd = fileno(stdout);
        int plen;

        plen = jflag ? 16384 : 2048;

        /* Setup Network FD */
        pfd[0].fd = nfd;
        pfd[0].events = POLLIN;

        /* Set up STDIN FD. */
        pfd[1].fd = wfd;
        pfd[1].events = POLLIN;

        while (pfd[0].fd != -1) {
                if (iflag)
                        sleep(iflag);

                if ((n = poll(pfd, 2 - dflag, timeout)) < 0) {
                        close(nfd);
                        err(1, "Polling Error");
                }

                if (n == 0)
                        return;

                if (pfd[0].revents & POLLIN) {
                        if ((n = read(nfd, buf, plen)) < 0)
                                return;
                        else if (n == 0) {
                                shutdown(nfd, SHUT_RD);
                                pfd[0].fd = -1;
                                pfd[0].events = 0;
                        } else {
                                if (tflag)
                                        atelnet(nfd, buf, n);
                                if (atomicio(vwrite, lfd, buf, n) != n)
                                        return;
                        }
                }

                if (!dflag && pfd[1].revents & POLLIN) {
                        if ((n = read(wfd, buf, plen)) < 0)
                                return;
                        else if (n == 0) {
                                shutdown(nfd, SHUT_WR);
                                pfd[1].fd = -1;
                                pfd[1].events = 0;
                        } else {
                                if (atomicio(vwrite, nfd, buf, n) != n)
                                        return;
                        }
                }
        }
}

/* Deal with RFC 854 WILL/WONT DO/DONT negotiation. */
void
atelnet(int nfd, unsigned char *buf, unsigned int size)
{
        unsigned char *p, *end;
        unsigned char obuf[4];

        if (size < 3)
                return;
        end = buf + size - 2;

        for (p = buf; p < end; p++) {
                if (*p != IAC)
                        continue;

                obuf[0] = IAC;
                p++;
                if ((*p == WILL) || (*p == WONT))
                        obuf[1] = DONT;
                else if ((*p == DO) || (*p == DONT))
                        obuf[1] = WONT;
                else
                        continue;

                p++;
                obuf[2] = *p;
                if (atomicio(vwrite, nfd, obuf, 3) != 3)
                        warn("Write Error!");
        }
}

/*
 * build_ports()
 * Build an array or ports in portlist[], listing each port
 * that we should try to connect to.
 */
void
build_ports(char *p)
{
        const char *errstr;
        char *n;
        int hi, lo, cp;
        int x = 0;

        if ((n = strchr(p, '-')) != NULL) {
                if (lflag)
                        errx(1, "Cannot use -l with multiple ports!");

                *n = '\0';
                n++;

                /* Make sure the ports are in order: lowest->highest. */
#ifdef ANDROID
                hi = atoi(n);
#else
                hi = strtonum(n, 1, PORT_MAX, &errstr);
                if (errstr)
                        errx(1, "port number %s: %s", errstr, n);
#endif
#ifdef ANDROID
                lo = atoi(p);
#else
                lo = strtonum(p, 1, PORT_MAX, &errstr);
                if (errstr)
                        errx(1, "port number %s: %s", errstr, p);
#endif

                if (lo > hi) {
                        cp = hi;
                        hi = lo;
                        lo = cp;
                }

                /* Load ports sequentially. */
                for (cp = lo; cp <= hi; cp++) {
                        portlist[x] = calloc(1, PORT_MAX_LEN);
                        if (portlist[x] == NULL)
                                err(1, NULL);
                        snprintf(portlist[x], PORT_MAX_LEN, "%d", cp);
                        x++;
                }

                /* Randomly swap ports. */
                if (rflag) {
                        int y;
                        char *c;

                        for (x = 0; x <= (hi - lo); x++) {
                                y = (arc4random() & 0xFFFF) % (hi - lo);
                                c = portlist[x];
                                portlist[x] = portlist[y];
                                portlist[y] = c;
                        }
                }
        } else {
#ifdef ANDROID
                hi = atoi(p);
#else
                hi = strtonum(p, 1, PORT_MAX, &errstr);
                if (errstr)
                        errx(1, "port number %s: %s", errstr, p);
#endif
                portlist[0] = strdup(p);
                if (portlist[0] == NULL)
                        err(1, NULL);
        }
}

/*
 * udptest()
 * Do a few writes to see if the UDP port is there.
 * XXX - Better way of doing this? Doesn't work for IPv6.
 * Also fails after around 100 ports checked.
 */
int
udptest(int s)
{
        int i, ret;

        for (i = 0; i <= 3; i++) {
                if (write(s, "X", 1) == 1)
                        ret = 1;
                else
                        ret = -1;
        }
        return (ret);
}

void
set_common_sockopts(int s)
{
        int x = 1;

#ifndef ANDROID
        if (Sflag) {
                if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_MD5SIG,
                        &x, sizeof(x)) == -1)
                        err(1, NULL);
        }
#endif
        if (Dflag) {
                if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG,
                        &x, sizeof(x)) == -1)
                        err(1, NULL);
        }
#ifndef ANDROID
        if (jflag) {
                if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_JUMBO,
                        &x, sizeof(x)) == -1)
                        err(1, NULL);
        }
        if (Tflag != -1) {
                if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS,
                    &Tflag, sizeof(Tflag)) == -1)
                        err(1, "set IP ToS");
        }
#endif
        if (Iflag) {
                if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
                    &Iflag, sizeof(Iflag)) == -1)
                        err(1, "set TCP receive buffer size");
        }
        if (Oflag) {
                if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF,
                    &Oflag, sizeof(Oflag)) == -1)
                        err(1, "set TCP send buffer size");
        }
}

#ifndef ANDROID
int
map_tos(char *s, int *val)
{
        /* DiffServ Codepoints and other TOS mappings */
        const struct toskeywords {
                const char      *keyword;
                int              val;
        } *t, toskeywords[] = {
                { "af11",               IPTOS_DSCP_AF11 },
                { "af12",               IPTOS_DSCP_AF12 },
                { "af13",               IPTOS_DSCP_AF13 },
                { "af21",               IPTOS_DSCP_AF21 },
                { "af22",               IPTOS_DSCP_AF22 },
                { "af23",               IPTOS_DSCP_AF23 },
                { "af31",               IPTOS_DSCP_AF31 },
                { "af32",               IPTOS_DSCP_AF32 },
                { "af33",               IPTOS_DSCP_AF33 },
                { "af41",               IPTOS_DSCP_AF41 },
                { "af42",               IPTOS_DSCP_AF42 },
                { "af43",               IPTOS_DSCP_AF43 },
                { "critical",           IPTOS_PREC_CRITIC_ECP },
                { "cs0",                IPTOS_DSCP_CS0 },
                { "cs1",                IPTOS_DSCP_CS1 },
                { "cs2",                IPTOS_DSCP_CS2 },
                { "cs3",                IPTOS_DSCP_CS3 },
                { "cs4",                IPTOS_DSCP_CS4 },
                { "cs5",                IPTOS_DSCP_CS5 },
                { "cs6",                IPTOS_DSCP_CS6 },
                { "cs7",                IPTOS_DSCP_CS7 },
                { "ef",                 IPTOS_DSCP_EF },
                { "inetcontrol",        IPTOS_PREC_INTERNETCONTROL },
                { "lowdelay",           IPTOS_LOWDELAY },
                { "netcontrol",         IPTOS_PREC_NETCONTROL },
                { "reliability",        IPTOS_RELIABILITY },
                { "throughput",         IPTOS_THROUGHPUT },
                { NULL,                 -1 },
        };

        for (t = toskeywords; t->keyword != NULL; t++) {
                if (strcmp(s, t->keyword) == 0) {
                        *val = t->val;
                        return (1);
                }
        }

        return (0);
}
#endif

void
help(void)
{
        usage(0);
        fprintf(stderr, "\tCommand Summary:\n\
        \t-4            Use IPv4\n\
        \t-6            Use IPv6\n\
        \t-D            Enable the debug socket option\n\
        \t-d            Detach from stdin\n\
        \t-h            This help text\n\
        \t-I length     TCP receive buffer length\n\
        \t-i secs\t     Delay interval for lines sent, ports scanned\n\
        \t-k            Keep inbound sockets open for multiple connects\n\
        \t-l            Listen mode, for inbound connects\n\
        \t-n            Suppress name/port resolutions\n\
        \t-O length     TCP send buffer length\n\
        \t-P proxyuser\tUsername for proxy authentication\n\
        \t-p port\t     Specify local port for remote connects\n\
        \t-r            Randomize remote ports\n\
        \t-S            Enable the TCP MD5 signature option\n\
        \t-s addr\t     Local source address\n\
        \t-T toskeyword\tSet IP Type of Service\n\
        \t-t            Answer TELNET negotiation\n\
        \t-U            Use UNIX domain socket\n\
        \t-u            UDP mode\n\
        \t-V rtable     Specify alternate routing table\n\
        \t-v            Verbose\n\
        \t-w secs\t     Timeout for connects and final net reads\n\
        \t-X proto      Proxy protocol: \"4\", \"5\" (SOCKS) or \"connect\"\n\
        \t-x addr[:port]\tSpecify proxy address and port\n\
        \t-z            Zero-I/O mode [used for scanning]\n\
        Port numbers can be individual or ranges: lo-hi [inclusive]\n");
        exit(1);
}

void
usage(int ret)
{
        fprintf(stderr,
            "usage: nc [-46DdhklnrStUuvz] [-I length] [-i interval] [-O length]\n"
            "\t  [-P proxy_username] [-p source_port] [-s source] [-T ToS]\n"
            "\t  [-V rtable] [-w timeout] [-X proxy_protocol]\n"
            "\t  [-x proxy_address[:port]] [destination] [port]\n");
        if (ret)
                exit(1);
}